Editorial
Retrovirology 2017 14:37
Published on: 21 June 2017
Articles
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Review
HIV drug resistance against strand transfer integrase inhibitors
Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are the newest class of antiretroviral drugs to be approved for treatment and act by inhibiting the essential HIV protein integrase from inserting the viral DNA ge...
Retrovirology 2017 14:36
Published on: 5 June 2017
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Short report
Effective treatment of SIVcpz-induced immunodeficiency in a captive western chimpanzee
Simian immunodeficiency virus of chimpanzees (SIVcpz), the progenitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), is associated with increased mortality and AIDS-like immunopathology in wild-living chimpan...
Retrovirology 2017 14:35
Published on: 2 June 2017
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Research
Potent and reversible lentiviral vector restriction in murine induced pluripotent stem cells
Retroviral vectors are derived from wild-type retroviruses, can be used to study retrovirus-host interactions and are effective tools in gene and cell therapy. However, numerous cell types are resistant or les...
Retrovirology 2017 14:34
Published on: 31 May 2017
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Research
Parent-offspring regression to estimate the heritability of an HIV-1 trait in a realistic setup
Parent-offspring (PO) regression is a central tool to determine the heritability of phenotypic traits; i.e., the relative extent to which those traits are controlled by genetic factors. The applicability of PO...
Retrovirology 2017 14:33
Published on: 23 May 2017
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Obituary
Retrovirology 2017 14:32
Published on: 22 May 2017
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Review
A conflict of interest: the evolutionary arms race between mammalian APOBEC3 and lentiviral Vif
Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3) proteins are mammalian-specific cellular deaminases and have a robust ability to restrain lentivirus replication. To antagonize APOBE...
Retrovirology 2017 14:31
Published on: 8 May 2017
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Editorial
Retrovirology 2017 14:30
Published on: 5 May 2017
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Research
Highly divergent patterns of genetic diversity and evolution in proviral quasispecies from HIV controllers
Ongoing intra-host HIV-1 evolution has been shown in individuals that naturally suppress the viremia to low levels (HIV controllers) by the analysis of the RNA in plasma compartment. Detection of evolution at ...
Retrovirology 2017 14:29
Published on: 2 May 2017
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Short report
Interference of retroviral envelope with vaccine-induced CD8+ T cell responses is relieved by co-administration of cytokine-encoding vectors
Retroviral envelope (Env) proteins are known to exhibit immunosuppressive properties, which become apparent not only in retroviral infections, but also in gene-based immunizations using retroviral immunogens, ...
Retrovirology 2017 14:28
Published on: 27 April 2017
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Research
Molecular mechanisms by which HERV-K Gag interferes with HIV-1 Gag assembly and particle infectivity
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), the remnants of ancient retroviral infections, constitute approximately 8% of human genomic DNA. Since HERV-K Gag expression is induced by HIV-1 Tat in T cells, induced H...
Retrovirology 2017 14:27
Published on: 26 April 2017
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Research
Effects of host restriction factors and the HTLV-1 subtype on susceptibility to HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis
Although human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection is a prerequisite for the development of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), specific provirus mutations in HAM/TS...
Retrovirology 2017 14:26
Published on: 19 April 2017
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Short report
Type I interferon signaling is required for the APOBEC3/Rfv3-dependent neutralizing antibody response but not innate retrovirus restriction
APOBEC3/Rfv3 restricts acute Friend retrovirus (FV) infection and promotes virus-specific neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses. Classical Rfv3 studies utilized FV stocks containing lactate-dehydrogenase eleva...
Retrovirology 2017 14:25
Published on: 17 April 2017
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Short report
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the bovine MHC region of Japanese Black cattle are associated with bovine leukemia virus proviral load
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis, a malignant B cell lymphoma that has spread worldwide and causes serious problems for the cattle industry. The BLV proviral load,...
Retrovirology 2017 14:24
Published on: 4 April 2017
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Erratum
Retrovirology 2017 14:23
Published on: 27 March 2017
The original article was published in Retrovirology 2017 14:2
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Commentary
The HIV-1 transmission bottleneck
It is well established that most new systemic infections of HIV-1 can be traced back to one or a limited number of founder viruses. Usually, these founders are more closely related to minor HIV-1 populations i...
Retrovirology 2017 14:22
Published on: 23 March 2017
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Research
Inhibition of human endogenous retrovirus-K by antiretroviral drugs
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are genomic sequences of retroviral origin which were believed to be integrated into germline chromosomes millions of years ago and account for nearly 8% of the human geno...
Retrovirology 2017 14:21
Published on: 22 March 2017
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Research
Identification of a tripartite interaction between the N-terminus of HIV-1 Vif and CBFβ that is critical for Vif function
HIV-1 Vif interacts with the cellular core-binding factor β (CBFβ) and counteracts the protective roles of certain human APOBEC3 (A3) proteins by targeting them for proteasomal degradation. Previous studies ha...
Retrovirology 2017 14:19
Published on: 17 March 2017
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Research
DNA hypomethylation and aberrant expression of the human endogenous retrovirus ERVWE1/syncytin-1 in seminomas
Syncytin-1 and 2, human fusogenic glycoproteins encoded by the env genes of the endogenous retroviral loci ERVWE1 and ERVFRDE1, respectively, contribute to the differentiation of multinucleated syncytiotropho...
Retrovirology 2017 14:20
Published on: 17 March 2017
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Research
Conserved residues within the HIV-1 Vpu transmembrane-proximal hinge region modulate BST2 binding and antagonism
BST2 inhibits HIV-1 release by tethering nascent virions to the surface of infected cells. HIV-1 Vpu overcomes this restriction by removing BST2 from viral budding sites via BST2 intracellular trapping and seq...
Retrovirology 2017 14:18
Published on: 14 March 2017
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Research
A mature macrophage is a principal HIV-1 cellular reservoir in humanized mice after treatment with long acting antiretroviral therapy
Despite improved clinical outcomes seen following antiretroviral therapy (ART), resting CD4+ T cells continue to harbor latent human immunodeficiency virus type one (HIV-1). However, such cells are not likely ...
Retrovirology 2017 14:17
Published on: 9 March 2017
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Short report
Prototype foamy virus elicits complete autophagy involving the ER stress-related UPR pathway
Prototype foamy virus (PFV) is a member of the Spumaretrovirinae subfamily of retroviruses, which maintains lifelong latent infection while being nonpathogenic to their natural hosts. Autophagy is a cell-progr...
Retrovirology 2017 14:16
Published on: 7 March 2017
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Reply to correspondence
Retrovirology 2017 14:14
Published on: 24 February 2017
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Correspondence
Conserved signatures indicate HIV-1 transmission is under strong selection and thus is not a “stochastic” process
Recently, Oberle et al. published a paper in Retrovirology evaluating the question of whether selection plays a role in HIV transmission. The Oberle study found no obvious genotypic or phenotypic differences betw...
Retrovirology 2017 14:13
Published on: 24 February 2017
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Research
Spatiotemporal dynamics of HIV-1 transmission in France (1999–2014) and impact of targeted prevention strategies
Characterizing HIV-1 transmission networks can be important in understanding the evolutionary patterns and geospatial spread of the epidemic. We reconstructed the broad molecular epidemiology of HIV from indiv...
Retrovirology 2017 14:15
Published on: 21 February 2017
