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  1. Human APOBEC3G (hA3G) has been identified as a cellular inhibitor of HIV-1 infectivity. Viral incorporation of hA3G is an essential step for its antiviral activity. Although the mechanism underlying hA3G virio...

    Authors: Jing Ma, Xiaoyu Li, Jian Xu, Quan Zhang, Zhenlong Liu, Pingping Jia, Jinming Zhou, Fei Guo, Xuefu You, Liyan Yu, Lixun Zhao, Jiandong Jiang and Shan Cen
    Citation: Retrovirology 2011 8:2
    Content type: Research Published on:

    The Retraction Note to this article has been published in Retrovirology 2011 8:88

  2. Tetherin (BST-2/CD317/HM1.24) is an interferon (IFN)-inducible factor of the innate immune system, recently shown to exert antiviral activity against HIV-1 and other enveloped viruses by tethering nascent vira...

    Authors: Björn D Kuhl, Richard D Sloan, Daniel A Donahue, Tamara Bar-Magen, Chen Liang and Mark A Wainberg
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:115
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. The 1st International Workshop on Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Retrovirus (XMRV), co-sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, The Department of Health and Human Services and Abbott Diagnostics,...

    Authors: Jonathan P Stoye, Robert H Silverman, Charles A Boucher and Stuart FJ Le Grice
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:113
    Content type: Review Published on:

  6. Xenotropic murine leukaemia viruses (MLV-X) are endogenous gammaretroviruses that infect cells from many species, including humans. Xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus (XMRV) is a retrovirus that h...

    Authors: Stéphane Hué, Eleanor R Gray, Astrid Gall, Aris Katzourakis, Choon Ping Tan, Charlotte J Houldcroft, Stuart McLaren, Deenan Pillay, Andrew Futreal, Jeremy A Garson, Oliver G Pybus, Paul Kellam and Greg J Towers
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:111
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. During pilot studies to investigate the presence of viral RNA of xenotropic murine leukemia virus (MLV)-related virus (XMRV) infection in sera from chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients in Japan, a positive ...

    Authors: Eiji Sato, Rika A Furuta and Takayuki Miyazawa
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:110
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  8. In 2006, a novel gammaretrovirus, XMRV (xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus), was discovered in some prostate tumors. A more recent study indicated that this infectious retrovirus can be detected in...

    Authors: Brendan Oakes, Albert K Tai, Oya Cingöz, Madeleine H Henefield, Susan Levine, John M Coffin and Brigitte T Huber
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:109
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. We used a PCR-based approach to study the prevalence of genetic sequences related to a gammaretrovirus, xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus, XMRV, in human prostate cancer. This virus has been ident...

    Authors: Mark J Robinson, Otto W Erlwein, Steve Kaye, Jonathan Weber, Oya Cingoz, Anup Patel, Marjorie M Walker, Wun-Jae Kim, Mongkol Uiprasertkul, John M Coffin and Myra O McClure
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:108
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. Enveloped viruses including the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replicating within host cells acquire host proteins upon egress from the host cells. A number of studies have catalogued such host proteins, ...

    Authors: Susan T Stephenson, Pavel Bostik, Byeongwoon Song, Devi Rajan, Samrath Bhimani, Pavel Rehulka, Ann E Mayne and Aftab A Ansari
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:107
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Each of the pathogenic human retroviruses (HIV-1/2 and HTLV-1) has a nonhuman primate counterpart, and the presence of these retroviruses in humans results from interspecies transmission. The passage of anothe...

    Authors: Augustin Mouinga-Ondémé, Edouard Betsem, Mélanie Caron, Maria Makuwa, Bettina Sallé, Noemie Renault, Ali Saib, Paul Telfer, Preston Marx, Antoine Gessain and Mirdad Kazanji
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:105
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. Physiological regulation of cellular iron involves iron export by the membrane protein, ferroportin, the expression of which is induced by iron and negatively modulated by hepcidin. We previously showed that i...

    Authors: Min Xu, Fatah Kashanchi, Altreisha Foster, Jamie Rotimi, Willie Turner, Victor R Gordeuk and Sergei Nekhai
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:104
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. Several studies have demonstrated that SIV infection progresses more slowly to experimental AIDS in Chinese rhesus macaques (Ch Rhs) than in Indian rhesus macaques (Ind Rhs). Here we investigated the dynamic a...

    Authors: Hou-Jun Xia, Gao-Hong Zhang, Jian-Ping Ma, Zheng-Xi Dai, Shao-You Li, Jian-Bao Han and Yong-Tang Zheng
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:102
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. The gp41 subunit of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) has been widely regarded as a type I transmembrane protein with a single membrane-spanning domain (MSD). An alternative topology model suggested multip...

    Authors: Shujun Liu, Naoyuki Kondo, Yufei Long, Dan Xiao, Aikichi Iwamoto and Zene Matsuda
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:100
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. The identity of the Human T lymphotropic Virus type 1 (HTLV-1) receptor remained an unsolved puzzle for two decades, until the recent demonstration that three molecules, Glucose Transporter 1, Neuropilin-1 and...

    Authors: David Ghez, Yves Lepelletier, Kathryn S Jones, Claudine Pique and Olivier Hermine
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:99
    Content type: Review Published on:

  19. Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 2 is naturally resistant to some antiretroviral drugs, restricting therapeutic options for patients infected with HIV-2. Regimens including integrase inhibitors (INI) seem to ...

    Authors: Danielle Perez-Bercoff, Perrine Triqueneaux, Christine Lambert, Aboubacar Alassane Oumar, Anne-Marie Ternes, Sounkalo Dao, Patrick Goubau, Jean-Claude Schmit and Jean Ruelle
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:98
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. HIV uncoating is defined as the loss of viral capsid that occurs within the cytoplasm of infected cells before entry of the viral genome into the nucleus. It is an obligatory step of HIV-1 early infection and ...

    Authors: Nathalie Arhel
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:96
    Content type: Review Published on:

  22. The sequences of membrane-spanning domains (MSDs) on the gp41 subunit are highly conserved among many isolates of HIV-1. The GXXXG motif, a potential helix-helix interaction motif, and an arginine residue (rar...

    Authors: Kosuke Miyauchi, A Rachael Curran, Yufei Long, Naoyuki Kondo, Aikichi Iwamoto, Donald M Engelman and Zene Matsuda
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:95
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. Elite controllers or suppressors (ES) are HIV-1 infected patients who maintain viral loads of < 50 copies/ml without antiretroviral therapy. CD8+ T cells are thought to play a key role in the control of viral ...

    Authors: Maria Salgado, Timothy P Brennan, Karen A O'Connell, Justin R Bailey, Stuart C Ray, Robert F Siliciano and Joel N Blankson
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:94
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  25. HIV-1 envelope diversity remains a significant challenge for the development of an efficacious vaccine. The evolutionary forces that shape the diversity of envelope are incompletely understood. HIV-1 subtype C...

    Authors: Derseree Archary, Michelle L Gordon, Taryn N Green, Hoosen M Coovadia, Philip JR Goulder and Thumbi Ndung'u
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:92
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is closely related to human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) and is the etiological agent of enzootic bovine leukosis, a disease characterized by a highly extended course that often inv...

    Authors: Mayuko Jimba, Shin-nosuke Takeshima, Kazuhiro Matoba, Daiji Endoh and Yoko Aida
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:91
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. The Gag capsid (CA) is one of the most conserved proteins in highly-diversified human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV). Understanding the limitations imposed on amino acid sequences in CA coul...

    Authors: Natsuko Inagaki, Hiroaki Takeuchi, Masaru Yokoyama, Hironori Sato, Akihide Ryo, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Miki Kawada and Tetsuro Matano
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:90
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. Current antiretroviral therapy against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) reduces viral load and thereby prevents viral spread, but it cannot eradicate proviral genomes from infected cells. Cells in immunolo...

    Authors: Dirk Jochmans, Maria Anders, Inge Keuleers, Liesbeth Smeulders, Hans-Georg Kräusslich, Günter Kraus and Barbara Müller
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:89
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. Previous studies of human and simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV and SIV) have demonstrated that adaptive mutations selected during the course of infection alter viral replicative fitness, persistence, and pat...

    Authors: Tasha Biesinger, Robert White, Monica T Yu Kimata, Brenda K Wilson, Jonathan S Allan and Jason T Kimata
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:88
    Content type: Research Published on:

  34. Gene therapy has the potential to counter problems that still hamper standard HIV antiretroviral therapy, such as toxicity, patient adherence and the development of resistance. RNA interference can suppress HI...

    Authors: Tanya Lynn Applegate, Donald John Birkett, Glen John Mcintyre, Angel Belisario Jaramillo, Geoff Symonds and John Michael Murray
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:83
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. Detailed local HIV-1 sequence data are essential for monitoring the HIV epidemic, for maintaining sensitive sequence-based diagnostics, and to aid in designing vaccines.

    Authors: Thushan I de Silva, Roxanne Turner, Stéphane Hué, Roochi Trikha, Carla van Tienen, Clayton Onyango, Assan Jaye, Brian Foley, Hilton Whittle, Sarah L Rowland-Jones and Matthew Cotten
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:82
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. 'Intrinsic' resistance to retroviral infection was first recognised with the Friend virus susceptibility gene (Fv1), which determines susceptibility to murine leukaemia virus (MLV) infection in different murin...

    Authors: Nidia MM Oliveira, Roochi Trikha and Áine McKnight
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:81
    Content type: Research Published on:

  37. HIV-1 subtype C infections account for over half of global HIV infections, yet the vast focus of HIV-1 research has been on subtype B viruses which represent less than 12% of the global pandemic. Since HIV-1 r...

    Authors: Hong-Tao Xu, Yudong Quan, Eugene Asahchop, Maureen Oliveira, Daniella Moisi and Mark A Wainberg
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:80
    Content type: Research Published on:

  38. Identification of broad neutralization epitopes in HIV-1 envelope spikes is paramount for HIV-1 vaccine development. A few broad neutralization epitopes identified so far are present on the surface of native H...

    Authors: Michael Wen, Reetakshi Arora, Huiqiang Wang, Lihong Liu, Jason T Kimata and Paul Zhou
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:79
    Content type: Research Published on:

  39. HIV reservoirs are rapidly established after infection, and the effect of HAART initiated very early during acute infection on HIV reservoirs remains poorly documented, particularly in tissue known to actively...

    Authors: Olivier Bourry, Abdelkrim Mannioui, Pierre Sellier, Camille Roucairol, Lucie Durand-Gasselin, Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet, Henri Benech, Pierre Roques and Roger Le Grand
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:78
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. The HIV-1 pathogenic factor, Nef, is a multifunctional protein present in the cytosol and on membranes of infected cells. It has been proposed that a spatial and temporal regulation of the conformation of Nef ...

    Authors: Youn Tae Kwak, Alexa Raney, Lillian S Kuo, Sarah J Denial, Brenda RS Temple, J Victor Garcia and John L Foster
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:77
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. Limited information is available on HIV-1 Indian clade C sensitivities to autologous antibodies during the course of natural infection. In the present study, a total of 37 complete envelope clones (Env) were a...

    Authors: Rajesh Ringe, Madhuri Thakar and Jayanta Bhattacharya
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:76
    Content type: Research Published on:

  42. Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is an important human retrovirus that is a cause of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. While an important human pathogen, the details regarding virus replication cycle, ...

    Authors: Iwen F Grigsby, Wei Zhang, Jolene L Johnson, Keir H Fogarty, Yan Chen, Jonathan M Rawson, Aaron J Crosby, Joachim D Mueller and Louis M Mansky
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:75
    Content type: Research Published on:

  43. The gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is the largest lymphoid organ infected by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). It serves as a viral reservoir and host-pathogen interface in infection. This st...

    Authors: Guido van Marle, Deirdre L Church, Kali D Nunweiler, Kris Cannon, Mark A Wainberg and M John Gill
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:74
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. The viral genome of HIV-1 contains several secondary structures that are important for regulating viral replication. The stem-loop 1 (SL1) sequence in the 5' untranslated region directs HIV-1 genomic RNA dimer...

    Authors: Natalia Ristic and Mario PS Chin
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:73
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. We previously reported that cynomolgus monkey (CM) TRIM5α could restrict human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) strains carrying a proline at the 120th position of the capsid protein (CA), but it failed to r...

    Authors: Ken Kono, Haihan Song, Masaru Yokoyama, Hironori Sato, Tatsuo Shioda and Emi E Nakayama
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:72
    Content type: Research Published on:

  46. In order to induce a potent and cross-reactive neutralizing antibody (nAb), an effective envelope immunogen is crucial for many viral vaccines, including the vaccine for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)....

    Authors: Lianxing Liu, Yanmin Wan, Lan Wu, Jianping Sun, Huiguang Li, Haishan Li, Liying Ma and Yiming Shao
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:71
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. We previously showed that the envelope (env) sequence of a human endogenous retrovirus (HERV)-W locus on chromosome Xq22.3 is transcribed in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The env open reading frame (O...

    Authors: Christina Roebke, Silke Wahl, Georg Laufer, Christine Stadelmann, Marlies Sauter, Nikolaus Mueller-Lantzsch, Jens Mayer and Klemens Ruprecht
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:69
    Content type: Research Published on:

  49. Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-related Virus (XMRV) is a human gammaretrovirus recently identified in prostate cancer tissue and in lymphocytes of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. To establish the eti...

    Authors: Xiaoxing Qiu, Priscilla Swanson, Ka-Cheung Luk, Bailin Tu, Francois Villinger, Jaydip Das Gupta, Robert H Silverman, Eric A Klein, Sushil Devare, Gerald Schochetman and John Hackett Jr
    Citation: Retrovirology 2010 7:68
    Content type: Research Published on:
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Retrovirology

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