Gessain A, Cassar O. Epidemiological aspects and world distribution of HTLV-1 infection. Front Microbiol. 2012;3:388.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Gessain A, Barin F, Vernant JC, Gout O, Maurs L, Calender A, et al. Antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type-I in patients with tropical spastic paraparesis. Lancet. 1985;2(8452):407–10.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Osame M, Matsumoto M, Usuku K, Izumo S, Ijichi N, Amitani H, et al. Chronic progressive myelopathy associated with elevated antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type I and adult T-cell leukemialike cells. Ann Neurol. 1987;21(2):117–22.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Matsuoka M, Jeang KT. Human T-cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infectivity and cellular transformation. Nat Rev Cancer. 2007;7(4):270–80.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Melamed A, Laydon DJ, Al Khatib H, Rowan AG, Taylor GP, Bangham CR. HTLV-1 drives vigorous clonal expansion of infected CD8(+) T cells in natural infection. Retrovirology. 2015;12:91.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
de Castro-Amarante MF, Pise-Masison CA, McKinnon K, Washington Parks R, Galli V, Omsland M, et al. Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 infection of the three monocyte subsets contributes to viral burden in humans. J Virol. 2015;90(5):2195–207.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Macatonia SE, Cruickshank JK, Rudge P, Knight SC. Dendritic cells from patients with tropical spastic paraparesis are infected with HTLV-1 and stimulate autologous lymphocyte proliferation. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992;8(9):1699–706.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Pique C, Jones KS. Pathways of cell-cell transmission of HTLV-1. Front Microbiol. 2012;3:378.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Gross C, Thoma-Kress AK. Molecular mechanisms of HTLV-1 cell-to-cell transmission. Viruses. 2016;8(3):74.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Currer R, Van Duyne R, Jaworski E, Guendel I, Sampey G, Das R, et al. HTLV tax: a fascinating multifunctional co-regulator of viral and cellular pathways. Front Microbiol. 2012;3:406.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Chun AC, Zhou Y, Wong CM, Kung HF, Jeang KT, Jin DY. Coiled-coil motif as a structural basis for the interaction of HTLV type 1 Tax with cellular cofactors. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2000;16(16):1689–94.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Wu K, Bottazzi ME, de la Fuente C, Deng L, Gitlin SD, Maddukuri A, et al. Protein profile of tax-associated complexes. J Biol Chem. 2004;279(1):495–508.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Kfoury Y, Nasr R, Journo C, Mahieux R, Pique C, Bazarbachi A. The multifaceted oncoprotein tax: subcellular localization, posttranslational modifications, and NF-kappaB activation. Adv Cancer Res. 2012;113:85–120.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Boxus M, Twizere JC, Legros S, Dewulf JF, Kettmann R, Willems L. The HTLV-1 Tax interactome. Retrovirology. 2008;5:76.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Seiki M, Hikikoshi A, Yoshida M. The U5 sequence is a cis-acting repressive element for genomic RNA expression of human T cell leukemia virus type I. Virology. 1990;176(1):81–6.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Yao J, Wigdahl B. Human T cell lymphotropic virus type I genomic expression and impact on intracellular signaling pathways during neurodegenerative disease and leukemia. Front Biosci. 2000;5:D138–D168168.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Iwai K, Mori N, Oie M, Yamamoto N, Fujii M. Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 tax protein activates transcription through AP-1 site by inducing DNA binding activity in T cells. Virology. 2001;279(1):38–46.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Grassmann R, Dengler C, Muller-Fleckenstein I, Fleckenstein B, McGuire K, Dokhelar MC, et al. Transformation to continuous growth of primary human T lymphocytes by human T-cell leukemia virus type I X-region genes transduced by a Herpesvirus saimiri vector. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1989;86(9):3351–5.
PubMed
CAS
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Grassmann R, Berchtold S, Radant I, Alt M, Fleckenstein B, Sodroski JG, et al. Role of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 X region proteins in immortalization of primary human lymphocytes in culture. J Virol. 1992;66(7):4570–5.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Akagi T, Shimotohno K. Proliferative response of Tax1-transduced primary human T cells to anti-CD3 antibody stimulation by an interleukin-2-independent pathway. J Virol. 1993;67(3):1211–7.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Grassmann R, Aboud M, Jeang KT. Molecular mechanisms of cellular transformation by HTLV-1 Tax. Oncogene. 2005;24(39):5976–85.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Tanaka A, Takahashi C, Yamaoka S, Nosaka T, Maki M, Hatanaka M. Oncogenic transformation by the tax gene of human T-cell leukemia virus type I in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990;87(3):1071–5.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Akagi T, Ono H, Nyunoya H, Shimotohno K. Characterization of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes transduced with HTLV-I Tax mutants with different trans-activating phenotypes. Oncogene. 1997;14(17):2071–8.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Ghosh S, May MJ, Kopp EB. NF-kappa B and Rel proteins: evolutionarily conserved mediators of immune responses. Annu Rev Immunol. 1998;16:225–60.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Sun SC, Xiao G. Deregulation of NF-kappaB and its upstream kinases in cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2003;22(4):405–22.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Liu T, Zhang L, Joo D, Sun SC. NF-kappaB signaling in inflammation. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1038/sigtrans.2017.23.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sun SC. The non-canonical NF-kappaB pathway in immunity and inflammation. Nat Rev Immunol. 2017;17(9):545–58.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Ruland J, Mak TW. From antigen to activation: specific signal transduction pathways linking antigen receptors to NF-kappaB. Semin Immunol. 2003;15(3):177–83.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Romanelli MG, Diani E, Bergamo E, Casoli C, Ciminale V, Bex F, et al. Highlights on distinctive structural and functional properties of HTLV Tax proteins. Front Microbiol. 2013;4:271.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Lo JC, Basak S, James ES, Quiambo RS, Kinsella MC, Alegre ML, et al. Coordination between NF-kappaB family members p50 and p52 is essential for mediating LTbetaR signals in the development and organization of secondary lymphoid tissues. Blood. 2006;107(3):1048–55.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Chu ZL, Shin YA, Yang JM, DiDonato JA, Ballard DW. IKKgamma mediates the interaction of cellular IkappaB kinases with the tax transforming protein of human T cell leukemia virus type 1. J Biol Chem. 1999;274(22):15297–300.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Harhaj EW, Sun SC. IKKgamma serves as a docking subunit of the IkappaB kinase (IKK) and mediates interaction of IKK with the human T-cell leukemia virus Tax protein. J Biol Chem. 1999;274(33):22911–4.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Semmes OJ, Jeang KT. Localization of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 tax to subnuclear compartments that overlap with interchromatin speckles. J Virol. 1996;70(9):6347–57.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Bex F, McDowall A, Burny A, Gaynor R. The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 transactivator protein Tax colocalizes in unique nuclear structures with NF-kappaB proteins. J Virol. 1997;71(5):3484–97.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Zhi H, Yang L, Kuo YL, Ho YK, Shih HM, Giam CZ. NF-kappaB hyper-activation by HTLV-1 tax induces cellular senescence, but can be alleviated by the viral anti-sense protein HBZ. PLoS Pathog. 2011;7(4):e1002025.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Zhao T, Yasunaga J, Satou Y, Nakao M, Takahashi M, Fujii M, et al. Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 bZIP factor selectively suppresses the classical pathway of NF-kappaB. Blood. 2009;113(12):2755–64.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Uhlik M, Good L, Xiao G, Harhaj EW, Zandi E, Karin M, et al. NF-kappaB-inducing kinase and IkappaB kinase participate in human T-cell leukemia virus I Tax-mediated NF-kappaB activation. J Biol Chem. 1998;273(33):21132–6.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Yu Q, Minoda Y, Yoshida R, Yoshida H, Iha H, Kobayashi T, et al. HTLV-1 Tax-mediated TAK1 activation involves TAB2 adapter protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008;365(1):189–94.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Ho YK, Zhi H, Bowlin T, Dorjbal B, Philip S, Zahoor MA, et al. HTLV-1 tax stimulates ubiquitin E3 ligase, ring finger protein 8, to assemble lysine 63-linked polyubiquitin chains for TAK1 and IKK activation. PLoS Pathog. 2015;11(8):e1005102.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Fochi S, Bergamo E, Serena M, Mutascio S, Journo C, Mahieux R, et al. TRAF3 Is Required for NF-kappaB pathway activation mediated by HTLV tax proteins. Front Microbiol. 2019;10:1302.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Yamagishi M, Nakano K, Miyake A, Yamochi T, Kagami Y, Tsutsumi A, et al. Polycomb-mediated loss of miR-31 activates NIK-dependent NF-kappaB pathway in adult T cell leukemia and other cancers. Cancer Cell. 2012;21(1):121–35.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Lavorgna A, Harhaj EW. Regulation of HTLV-1 tax stability, cellular trafficking and NF-kappaB activation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Viruses. 2014;6(10):3925–43.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Shembade N, Harhaj NS, Yamamoto M, Akira S, Harhaj EW. The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax oncoprotein requires the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc13 for NF-kappaB activation. J Virol. 2007;81(24):13735–422.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Fryrear KA, Guo X, Kerscher O, Semmes OJ. The Sumo-targeted ubiquitin ligase RNF4 regulates the localization and function of the HTLV-1 oncoprotein Tax. Blood. 2012;119(5):1173–81.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Giam CZ, Semmes OJ. HTLV-1 infection and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma-A tale of two proteins: tax and HBZ. Viruses. 2016;8(6):161.
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Schwob A, Teruel E, Dubuisson L, Lormieres F, Verlhac P, Abudu YP, et al. SQSTM-1/p62 potentiates HTLV-1 Tax-mediated NF-kappaB activation through its ubiquitin binding function. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):16014.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Rosin O, Koch C, Schmitt I, Semmes OJ, Jeang KT, Grassmann R. A human T-cell leukemia virus Tax variant incapable of activating NF-kappaB retains its immortalizing potential for primary T-lymphocytes. JBiolChem. 1998;273(12):6698–703.
CAS
Google Scholar
Semmes OJ, Jeang KT. Mutational analysis of human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax: regions necessary for function determined with 47 mutant proteins. J Virol. 1992;66(12):7183–92.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Yamaoka S, Inoue H, Sakurai M, Sugiyama T, Hazama M, Yamada T, et al. Constitutive activation of NF-kappa B is essential for transformation of rat fibroblasts by the human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax protein. EMBO J. 1996;15(4):873–87.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Matsumoto K, Shibata H, Fujisawa JI, Inoue H, Hakura A, Tsukahara T, et al. Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax protein transforms rat fibroblasts via two distinct pathways. J Virol. 1997;71(6):4445–51.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Smith MR, Greene WC. Identification of HTLV-I tax trans-activator mutants exhibiting novel transcriptional phenotypes. Genes Dev. 1990;4(11):1875–85.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Robek MD, Ratner L. Immortalization of T lymphocytes by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 is independent of the tax-CBP/p300 interaction. J Virol. 2000;74(24):11988–92.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Mori N, Fujii M, Ikeda S, Yamada Y, Tomonaga M, Ballard DW, et al. Constitutive activation of NF-kappaB in primary adult T-cell leukemia cells. Blood. 1999;93(7):2360–8.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kwon H, Ogle L, Benitez B, Bohuslav J, Montano M, Felsher DW, et al. Lethal cutaneous disease in transgenic mice conditionally expressing type I human T cell leukemia virus Tax. J Biol Chem. 2005;280(42):35713–22.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Ohsugi T, Kumasaka T, Ishida A, Ishida T, Horie R, Watanabe T, et al. In vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of the NF-kappaB inhibitor DHMEQ in the human T-cell leukemia virus type I-infected cell line, HUT-102. Leuk Res. 2006;30(1):90–7.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Mori N, Yamada Y, Ikeda S, Yamasaki Y, Tsukasaki K, Tanaka Y, et al. Bay 11–7082 inhibits transcription factor NF-kappaB and induces apoptosis of HTLV-I-infected T-cell lines and primary adult T-cell leukemia cells. Blood. 2002;100(5):1828–34.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Portis T, Harding JC, Ratner L. The contribution of NF-kappa B activity to spontaneous proliferation and resistance to apoptosis in human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax-induced tumors. Blood. 2001;98(4):1200–8.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Kitajima I, Shinohara T, Bilakovics J, Brown DA, Xu X, Nerenberg M. Ablation of transplanted HTLV-I Tax-transformed tumors in mice by antisense inhibition of NF-kappa B. Science. 1992;258(5089):1792–5.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Qu Z, Xiao G. Human T-cell lymphotropic virus: a model of NF-kappaB-associated tumorigenesis. Viruses. 2011;3(6):714–49.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Sun SC, Yamaoka S. Activation of NF-kappaB by HTLV-I and implications for cell transformation. Oncogene. 2005;24(39):5952–64.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Teschendorf C, Warrington KH Jr, Siemann DW, Muzyczka N. Comparison of the EF-1 alpha and the CMV promoter for engineering stable tumor cell lines using recombinant adeno-associated virus. Anticancer Res. 2002;22(6a):3325–30.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Qin JY, Zhang L, Clift KL, Hulur I, Xiang AP, Ren BZ, et al. Systematic comparison of constitutive promoters and the doxycycline-inducible promoter. PLoS ONE. 2010;5(5):e10611.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Mann MC, Strobel S, Fleckenstein B, Kress AK. The transcription elongation factor ELL2 is specifically upregulated in HTLV-1-infected T-cells and is dependent on the viral oncoprotein Tax. Virology. 2014;464–465:98–110.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Xu YL, Adya N, Siores E, Gao QS, Giam CZ. Cellular factors involved in transcription and Tax-mediated trans-activation directed by the TGACGT motifs in human T-cell leukemia virus type I promoter. J Biol Chem. 1990;265(33):20285–92.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Beimling P, Moelling K. Direct interaction of CREB protein with 21 bp Tax-response elements of HTLV-ILTR. Oncogene. 1992;7(2):257–62.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Harhaj EW, Harhaj NS. Mechanisms of persistent NF-kappaB activation by HTLV-I tax. IUBMB Life. 2005;57(2):83–91.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Fochi S, Mutascio S, Bertazzoni U, Zipeto D, Romanelli MG. HTLV Deregulation of the NF-kappaB pathway: an update on tax and antisense proteins role. Front Microbiol. 2018;9:285.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Hirai H, Fujisawa J, Suzuki T, Ueda K, Muramatsu M, Tsuboi A, et al. Transcriptional activator Tax of HTLV-1 binds to the NF-kappa B precursor p105. Oncogene. 1992;7(9):1737–42.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Watanabe M, Muramatsu M, Hirai H, Suzuki T, Fujisawa J, Yoshida M, et al. HTLV-I encoded Tax in association with NF-kappa B precursor p105 enhances nuclear localization of NF-kappa B p50 and p65 in transfected cells. Oncogene. 1993;8(11):2949–58.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Xiao G, Cvijic ME, Fong A, Harhaj EW, Uhlik MT, Waterfield M, et al. Retroviral oncoprotein tax induces processing of NF-kappaB2/p100 in T cells: evidence for the involvement of IKKalpha. EMBO J. 2001;20(23):6805–15.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Mercurio F, Zhu H, Murray BW, Shevchenko A, Bennett BL, Li J, et al. IKK-1 and IKK-2: cytokine-activated IkappaB kinases essential for NF-kappaB activation. Science. 1997;278(5339):860–6.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Chiari E, Lamsoul I, Lodewick J, Chopin C, Bex F, Pique C. Stable ubiquitination of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 tax is required for proteasome binding. J Virol. 2004;78(21):11823–32.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Rimsky L, Hauber J, Dukovich M, Malim MH, Langlois A, Cullen BR, et al. Functional replacement of the HIV-1 rev protein by the HTLV-1 rex protein. Nature. 1988;335(6192):738–40.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Peloponese JM Jr, Yasunaga J, Kinjo T, Watashi K, Jeang KT. Peptidylproline cis-trans-isomerase Pin1 interacts with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 tax and modulates its activation of NF-kappaB. J Virol. 2009;83(7):3238–48.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Nasr R, Rosenwald A, El-Sabban ME, Arnulf B, Zalloua P, Lepelletier Y, et al. Arsenic/interferon specifically reverses 2 distinct gene networks critical for the survival of HTLV-1-infected leukemic cells. Blood. 2003;101(11):4576–82.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Ciminale V, Pavlakis GN, Derse D, Cunningham CP, Felber BK. Complex splicing in the human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) family of retroviruses: novel mRNAs and proteins produced by HTLV type I. J Virol. 1992;66(3):1737–45.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Prosch S, Staak K, Stein J, Liebenthal C, Stamminger T, Volk HD, et al. Stimulation of the human cytomegalovirus IE enhancer/promoter in HL-60 cells by TNFalpha is mediated via induction of NF-kappaB. Virology. 1995;208(1):197–206.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Sambucetti LC, Cherrington JM, Wilkinson GW, Mocarski ES. NF-kappa B activation of the cytomegalovirus enhancer is mediated by a viral transactivator and by T cell stimulation. EMBO J. 1989;8(13):4251–8.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Meier JL, Stinski MF. Regulation of human cytomegalovirus immediate-early gene expression. Intervirology. 1996;39(5–6):331–42.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Badr CE, Niers JM, Tjon-Kon-Fat LA, Noske DP, Wurdinger T, Tannous BA. Real-time monitoring of nuclear factor kappaB activity in cultured cells and in animal models. Mol Imaging. 2009;8(5):278–90.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Wang XY, Zhang JH, Zhang X, Sun QL, Zhao CP, Wang TY. Impact of different promoters on episomal vectors harbouring characteristic motifs of matrix attachment regions. Sci Rep. 2016;6:26446.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Huang Y, Wange RL. T cell receptor signaling: beyond complex complexes. J Biol Chem. 2004;279(28):28827–30.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Kruppa G, Thoma B, Machleidt T, Wiegmann K, Kronke M. Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated NF-kappa B activation by selective blockade of the human 55-kDa TNF receptor. J Immunol. 1992;148(10):3152–7.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Hayden MS, Ghosh S. Regulation of NF-kappaB by TNF family cytokines. Semin Immunol. 2014;26(3):253–66.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Zhou H, Wertz I, O'Rourke K, Ultsch M, Seshagiri S, Eby M, et al. Bcl10 activates the NF-kappaB pathway through ubiquitination of NEMO. Nature. 2004;427(6970):167–71.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Sun SC, Ballard DW. Persistent activation of NF-kappaB by the tax transforming protein of HTLV-1: hijacking cellular IkappaB kinases. Oncogene. 1999;18(49):6948–58.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Xia L, Tan S, Zhou Y, Lin J, Wang H, Oyang L, et al. Role of the NFkappaB-signaling pathway in cancer. Onco Targets Ther. 2018;11:2063–73.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Voll RE, Jimi E, Phillips RJ, Barber DF, Rincon M, Hayday AC, et al. NF-kappa B activation by the pre-T cell receptor serves as a selective survival signal in T lymphocyte development. Immunity. 2000;13(5):677–89.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Mia MM, Bank RA. The IkappaB kinase inhibitor ACHP strongly attenuates TGFbeta1-induced myofibroblast formation and collagen synthesis. J Cell Mol Med. 2015;19(12):2780–92.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Schmitt I, Rosin O, Rohwer P, Gossen M, Grassmann R. Stimulation of cyclin-dependent kinase activity and G1- to S-phase transition in human lymphocytes by the human T-cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 tax protein. J Virol. 1998;72(1):633–40.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Kress AK, Kalmer M, Rowan AG, Grassmann R, Fleckenstein B. The tumor marker Fascin is strongly induced by the tax oncoprotein of HTLV-1 through NF-kappaB signals. Blood. 2011;117(13):3609–12.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Kao SH, Wang WL, Chen CY, Chang YL, Wu YY, Wang YT, et al. Analysis of Protein Stability by the Cycloheximide Chase Assay. Bio Protoc. 2015. https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1374.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yang Y, Kitagaki J, Dai RM, Tsai YC, Lorick KL, Ludwig RL, et al. Inhibitors of ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1), a new class of potential cancer therapeutics. Cancer Res. 2007;67(19):9472–81.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Clarke MF, Trainor CD, Mann DL, Gallo RC, Reitz MS. Methylation of human T-cell leukemia virus proviral DNA and viral RNA expression in short- and long-term cultures of infected cells. Virology. 1984;135(1):97–104.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Taniguchi Y, Nosaka K, Yasunaga J, Maeda M, Mueller N, Okayama A, et al. Silencing of human T-cell leukemia virus type I gene transcription by epigenetic mechanisms. Retrovirology. 2005;2:64.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Takeda S, Maeda M, Morikawa S, Taniguchi Y, Yasunaga J, Nosaka K, et al. Genetic and epigenetic inactivation of tax gene in adult T-cell leukemia cells. Int J Cancer. 2004;109(4):559–67.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Ruben S, Poteat H, Tan TH, Kawakami K, Roeder R, Haseltine W, et al. Cellular transcription factors and regulation of IL-2 receptor gene expression by HTLV-I tax gene product. Science. 1988;241(4861):89–92.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Waldele K, Silbermann K, Schneider G, Ruckes T, Cullen BR, Grassmann R. Requirement of the human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1) tax-stimulated HIAP-1 gene for the survival of transformed lymphocytes. Blood. 2006;107(11):4491–9.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pichler K, Kattan T, Gentzsch J, Kress AK, Taylor GP, Bangham CR, et al. Strong induction of 4–1BB, a growth and survival promoting costimulatory receptor, in HTLV-1-infected cultured and patients' T cells by the viral Tax oncoprotein. Blood. 2008;111(9):4741–51.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Macaire H, Riquet A, Moncollin V, Biemont-Trescol MC, Duc Dodon M, Hermine O, et al. Tax protein-induced expression of antiapoptotic Bfl-1 protein contributes to survival of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-infected T-cells. J Biol Chem. 2012;287(25):21357–70.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Lamsoul I, Lodewick J, Lebrun S, Brasseur R, Burny A, Gaynor RB, et al. Exclusive ubiquitination and sumoylation on overlapping lysine residues mediate NF-kappaB activation by the human T-cell leukemia virus tax oncoprotein. Mol Cell Biol. 2005;25(23):10391–406.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Kfoury Y, Nasr R, Favre-Bonvin A, El-Sabban M, Renault N, Giron ML, et al. Ubiquitylated Tax targets and binds the IKK signalosome at the centrosome. Oncogene. 2008;27(12):1665–766.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Harhaj NS, Sun SC, Harhaj EW. Activation of NF-kappa B by the human T cell leukemia virus type I Tax oncoprotein is associated with ubiquitin-dependent relocalization of I kappa B kinase. J Biol Chem. 2007;282(6):4185–92.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Tie F, Adya N, Greene WC, Giam CZ. Interaction of the human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 Tax dimer with CREB and the viral 21-base-pair repeat. J Virol. 1996;70(12):8368–74.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Turci M, Lodewick J, Di Gennaro G, Rinaldi AS, Marin O, Diani E, et al. Ubiquitination and sumoylation of the HTLV-2 Tax-2B protein regulate its NF-kappaB activity: a comparative study with the HTLV-1 Tax-1 protein. Retrovirology. 2012;9:102.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Nasr R, Chiari E, El-Sabban M, Mahieux R, Kfoury Y, Abdulhay M, et al. Tax ubiquitylation and sumoylation control critical cytoplasmic and nuclear steps of NF-kappaB activation. Blood. 2006;107(10):4021–9.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Xiao G, Harhaj EW, Sun SC. Domain-specific interaction with the I kappa B kinase (IKK)regulatory subunit IKK gamma is an essential step in tax-mediated activation of IKK. J Biol Chem. 2000;275(44):34060–7.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Israel A. The IKK complex, a central regulator of NF-kappaB activation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2010;2(3):a000158.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Oeckinghaus A, Hayden MS, Ghosh S. Crosstalk in NF-kappaB signaling pathways. Nat Immunol. 2011;12(8):695–708.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Hakelien AM, Gaustad KG, Taranger CK, Skalhegg BS, Kuntziger T, Collas P. Long-term in vitro, cell-type-specific genome-wide reprogramming of gene expression. Exp Cell Res. 2005;309(1):32–47.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Christian F, Smith EL, Carmody RJ. The regulation of NF-kappaB subunits by phosphorylation. Cells. 2016;5(1):12.
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Nishikori M. Classical and alternative NF-κB activation pathways and their roles in lymphoid malignancies. J Clin Exp Hematopathol. 2005;45(1):15–24.
Google Scholar
Feuillard J, Gouy H, Bismuth G, Lee LM, Debre P, Korner M. NF-kappa B activation by tumor necrosis factor alpha in the Jurkat T cell line is independent of protein kinase A, protein kinase C, and Ca(2+)-regulated kinases. Cytokine. 1991;3(3):257–65.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Rivera I, Harhaj EW, Sun SC. Involvement of NF-AT in type I human T-cell leukemia virus Tax-mediated Fas ligand promoter transactivation. J Biol Chem. 1998;273(35):22382–8.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Geleziunas R, Ferrell S, Lin X, Mu Y, Cunningham ET Jr, Grant M, et al. Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax induction of NF-kappaB involves activation of the IkappaB kinase alpha (IKKalpha) and IKKbeta cellular kinases. Mol Cell Biol. 1998;18(9):5157–65.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Chen Z, Hagler J, Palombella VJ, Melandri F, Scherer D, Ballard D, et al. Signal-induced site-specific phosphorylation targets I kappa B alpha to the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Genes Dev. 1995;9(13):1586–97.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Peloponese JM Jr, Iha H, Yedavalli VR, Miyazato A, Li Y, Haller K, et al. Ubiquitination of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 tax modulates its activity. J Virol. 2004;78(21):11686–95.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Rousset R, Desbois C, Bantignies F, Jalinot P. Effects on NF-kappa B1/p105 processing of the interaction between the HTLV-1 transactivator Tax and the proteasome. Nature. 1996;381(6580):328–31.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
McDowell GS, Philpott A. Non-canonical ubiquitylation: mechanisms and consequences. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2013;45(8):1833–42.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Pene S, Waast L, Bonnet A, Benit L, Pique C. A non-SUMOylated Tax protein is still functional for NF-kappaB pathway activation. J Virol. 2014;88(18):10655–61.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Chen H, Hutt-Fletcher L, Cao L, Hayward SD. A positive autoregulatory loop of LMP1 expression and STAT activation in epithelial cells latently infected with Epstein-Barr virus. J Virol. 2003;77(7):4139–48.
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Schneider U, Schwenk HU, Bornkamm G. Characterization of EBV-genome negative "null" and "T" cell lines derived from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and leukemic transformed non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Int J Cancer. 1977;19(5):621–6.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Foley GE, Lazarus H, Farber S, Uzman BG, Boone BA, McCarthy RE. Continuous culture of human lymphoblasts from peripheral blood of a child with acute leukemia. Cancer. 1965;18:522–9.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Minowada J, Onuma T, Moore GE. Rosette-forming human lymphoid cell lines I Establishment and evidence for origin of thymus-derived lymphocytes. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1972;49(3):891–5.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Langton B, Sliwkowski M, Tran K, Knapp S, Keitelmann E, Smith C, et al. Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the HTLV-I Tax (P40X) protein. Med Virol. 1988;8:295.
Google Scholar