Fig. 5
From: Elevated levels of inflammatory plasma biomarkers are associated with risk of HIV infection
Circulating biomarkers in the Zambia cohort: preinfection individuals have significantly higher cytokines and chemokine levels compared to the uninfected group. a The levels of cytokines and chemokines were separated by the country of origin and the uninfected (purple) and preinfection (orange) groups were compared (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, two-tailed, FDR adjusted p-values). b Partial Least Square (PLS) Analysis for the Zambian cohort. Analysis was done with NIPALS Fit with 1 Factor. VIP (Variable Importance Plot) Threshold was set at 0.8. a PLS analysis for Zambian cohort. ITAC, IL-5, IL-8, and MIP-1a were the biomarkers that caused preinfection profile in Zambia