Table 2 Representative SFV zoonotic infection studies
Location | Subjects | No. | No. SFV Ab+ (%) | No. SFV PCR+ (%) | SFV source | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A. North America | ||||||
US and Canada | Lab workers exposed to NHPa | 231 | 4 (1.8) | 4 (1.8) | 3 baboon 1 Cercopithecus sp.c | Heneine et al. [68] |
North America | Zoo keepers working with NHP | 133 | 4 (3) | N/A | Most likely chimpanzee | Sandstrom et al. [69] |
Canada | Primate facility workers | 46 | 2 (4.3) | 1 (2.2) | 1 macaque | Brooks et al. [70] |
North America | Res. centers and zoo workers | 187 | 10 (5.3) | 9/9 Ab+ tested | 8 chimpanzee 1 baboon | Switzer et al. [71] |
B. Africa | ||||||
Cameroon | Bush meat hunters and butchers | 1099 | 10 (0.9) | 3 (0.3) | 1 mandrill 1 gorilla 1 Cercopithecus sp. | Wolfe et al. [72] |
Cameroon | VRb near NHP populations | 1164 | 21 (1.8) | 4/11 Ab+ tested | 3 gorilla 1 chimpanzee | Calattini et al. [73] |
Contact with NHP: | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
– apes | 85 29 | 9 (10.6) 7 (24.1) | 9 (10.6) 7 (24.1) | 5 gorilla 2 chimpanzee | ||
– monkeys | 56 | 2 (3.6) | 2 (3.6) | 1 mandrill 1 Cercopithecus sp. | ||
Cameroon | General Adult population | 1321 | 26 (2) | 2 (0.2) | 1 gorilla 1 Cercopithecus sp. | Betsem et al. [74] |
People with NHP bites or scratches | 198 | 53 (26.7) | 37 (18.6) | 31 gorilla 3 chimpanzee 3 Cercopithecus sp. | ||
Gabon | NHP hunters and those interacting with petsd | 78 10 women 59 men 9 children | 19 (24.4) | 15 (19.2) | 12 gorilla 2 chimpanzee 1 Cercopithecus sp. | Mouinga-Ondéme et al. [75] |
C. Asia | ||||||
Thailand, Indonesia, Nepal and Bangladesh | People sharing NHP habitat | 305 | 8 (2.6) | 3 (1) | 3 macaques | Jones-Engel et al. [76] |
Bangladesh | VR sharing NHP habitat | 209 | 18 (8.6) | 12 (5.6) | 11 macaques | Engel et al. [77] |