Fig. 2

Kinase inhibitor screening identifies compounds that attenuate ingenol-induced cytokine release. Screening for changes in IL-6 production in healthy donor PBMCs exposed to ingenol-3,20-dibenzoate and 159 kinase inhibitors reveals twelve ‘hits’ that decrease intracellular IL-6 concentrations at least fourfold compared to ingenol-3,20-dibenzoate alone. Compounds are identified by Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) number and color-coded by known function. Four of the twelve hits demonstrated high cellular viability (71–78%). Compound 941678-49-5, a Janus Kinase inhibitor, also known as ruxolitinib and FDA-approved for the treatment of myelofibrosis, was selected for additional experiments