Fig. 3

Activation of NF-κB pathway in MSCs by ATL-derived exosomes. a Histogram representing the normalized fold expression of Tax in MSCs following co-culture with C81- or HuT-102-derived exosomes, as detected by qPCR (*p < 0.05; ***p ≤ 0.005). b Representative western blot of Tax expression in MSCS recipient of C81 or HuT-102 exosomes, as compared to MSCs control cells. c Representative western blots of phospho-p65 expression in MSCs control or co-cultured with Molt-4, C81 and HuT-102-derived exosomes. Actin was used as an internal loading control. d Densitometry analysis of phospho-p65 protein expression in recipient MSCs from two independent western blot experiments. e, f Fluorescence images of phospho-p65 expression in MSCs control or co-cultured with HuT-102 exosomes, respectively. g Histogram representing the quantification of the mean fluorescence intensity of phospho-p65 expression in MSCs, control or co-cultured with HuT-102 exosomes, in six different fields acquired by LSM710 laser scanning microscope using a 63× objective lens, scale bar 10 µm (*p < 0.05)