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Tax-mediated re-routing of the HTLV-1 p13 protein to nuclear speckles
Retrovirology volume 8, Article number: A125 (2011)
Human T-cell Leukemia Virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is highly immunogenic and has low variability so tight regulation of its expression is essential for virus maintenance in vivo. HTLV-1 replication is positively regulated by Tax and Rex, and negatively by the p30 and HBZ proteins. Here, we demonstrate that HTLV-1 encodes another negative regulator of virus expression, the p13 protein. Expressed separately, p13 localizes to the mitochondria, but in the presence of Tax, p13 is stabilized, and re-routed to the nuclear speckles. The p13 protein directly binds Tax, decreases Tax binding to the CBP/p300 transcriptional co-activator and, by reducing Tax transcriptional activity, suppresses viral expression. These findings suggest that HTLV-1 has evolved a complex mechanism to control its own replication through regulation of positive and negative viral proteins. Further, these results emphasize the importance of studying the function of the HTLV-1 viral proteins, not only in isolation, but also in the context of full viral replication.
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Open Access This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Andresen, V., Pise-Masison, C.A., Sinha-Datta, U. et al. Tax-mediated re-routing of the HTLV-1 p13 protein to nuclear speckles. Retrovirology 8 (Suppl 1), A125 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-8-S1-A125
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-8-S1-A125
Keywords
- Leukemia
- Viral Replication
- Viral Protein
- Leukemia Virus
- Tight Regulation