Background
Aim of our work is to present two exemplary cases of patients (p) who received a prolonged intravesical immunotherapy with instillations of Bacillus of Calmette-Guérin (BCG), to treat an urothelial carcinoma of the bladder relapsing after endoscopic-surgical treatment, who suffered from a severe pulmonary infection caused by Mycobacterium bovis. Their diagnostic pathway was particularly cumbersome due to the co-existing chronic pulmonary diseases (COPD), and prior respiratory disorders (including a juvenile tuberculosis). The second presented p was also interested by a genito-urinary (penile) localization of BCG infection, to attribute to local BCG dissemination.