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Table 1 Chromatin-modifying enzymes.

From: Molecular control of HIV-1 postintegration latency: implications for the development of new therapeutic strategies

a. HDACs (Histone deacetylases)

Family

Members

Class I

HDAC-1; HDAC-2; HDAC-3; HDAC-8

Class Iia

HDAC-4; HDAC-5; HDAC-7; HDAC-9

Class IIb

HDAC-6; HDAC-10

Class III

SIRT1; SIRT2; SIRT3; SIRT4; SIRT5; SIRT6; SIRT7

Class IV

HDAC-11

b. HATs (Histone acetyltransferases)

Family

Members

GNAT

Gcn5; ELP3; HAT1; PCAF

p300/CBP

p300; CBP

MYST

ESA1; CLOCK; MOF/MYST1; HBO1/MYST2; MOZ/MYST3/HAT3; MORF/MYST4; SAS2; TIP60; YBF2/SAS3

Others

ACTR; ATF-2; GRIP; p/CIP; SRC1; TAF1; TFIIB

c. HMTs (Histone methyltransferases)

Family

Members

HKMTs

ALL-1; ALR; AsH1; DOT1L; ESET/SETDB1; EuHMTase/GLP; EZH2; G9a; MLL1; MLL2; MLL3; MLL4; MLL5; NSD1; RIZ1; SET1; SET2; SET 7/8; SET7/9; SMYD2; SMYD3; Suv39 h1; Suv39H2; Suv4-20H1; Suv4-20H2

PRMTs

PRMT1; PRMT2; PRMT3; PRMT4/CARM1; PRMT5/JBP1; PRMT6

d. HDMTs (Histone demethylases)

Family

Members

LSD1

LSD1

JHDM/Jumonji

JARID1A/RBP-2; JARID1B/PLU-1; JARID1C/SMCX; JARID1D/SMCY; JHDM1a; JHDM1b; JHDM2a; JHDM2b; JMJD2A; JMJD2B; JMJD2C; JMJD2D; JMJD3

e. DNMTs (DNA methyltransferases)

Family

Members

Maintenance

DNMT1

 

DNMT2

De novo

DNMT3a; DNMT3b; DNMT3l

  1. This table summarizes the main family members of HDACs (panel a), HATs (panel b), HMTs (panel c), HDMTs (panel d) and DNMTs (panel e). To facilitate comprehension, enzymes that appear in the text of this review are indicated in bold.
  2. Abbreviations used in table 1: ACTR: Activator of thyroid and retinoic acid receptors; ALL-1: acute lymphoblastic leukemia; ALR: ALL-1 related gene; AsH1: absent small or homeotic discs1; ATF-2: Activating Transcription Factor; CARM1: coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1; CBP: CREB binding protein; DOT1: disrupter of telomeric silencing; ELP3: elongation protein 3 homolog; ESET: SET domain bifurcated 1; Eu-HMTase: euchromatic histone methyltransferase 1; EZH2: enhancer of zeste homolog 2; Gcn5: General control nuclear factor 5; GNAT: Gcn5-related N-AcetylTransferase; GRIP: glucocorticoid receptor-interacting protein 1; HBO1: HAT bound to DNA replication origin complex; HKMT: Histone methyltransferase; JARID: Jumonji, AT rich interactive domain; JHDM: JmjC domain containing histone demethylases; JMJD: Jumonji-domain containing; LSD1: lysine-specific demethylase 1; MLL: Mixed-lineage leukemia; JBP1: Janus kinase binding protein 1; MOF: males absent on the first; MORF: MOZ-related factor; MOZ: Monocyte leukemia zinc-finger protein; MYST: named for its founding members MOZ, YBF2/SAS3, SAS2, and Tip60; NSD1: nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 1; p/CAF: p300/CBP associated factor; p/CIP: p300/CBP interacting protein; PRMT: Protein arginine methyltransferase; RBP-2: retinol-binding protein 2; RIZ1: retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc-finger 1; SAS2: serum antigenic substance 2; SET1: SET domain containing 1; SETDB1: SET domain bifurcated 1; SIRT: Sirtuin; SMC: Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes-1; SMYD: SET- and MYND-domain-containing; SRC: Steroid receptor coactivator; Suv39 h1: suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1; Suv4-20 h1: suppressor of variegation 4-20 h1; TAF1: TATA-binding protein (TBP)-associated factor; TFIIB: Transcription factor IIB; TIP60: Tat interacting protein (60 kD).
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Retrovirology

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