A clinical review of HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) for the prevention and treatment of HIV-1 infection

Table 3 Relative Resistance of INSTI Resistance Associated Mutations (RAMs)

− susceptible^a |+ potential low-level resistance^b |+ + low-level resistance^c |+ + + intermediate resistance^d |+ + + + high-level resistance^e
^aSusceptible: no evidence of reduced ARV susceptibility compared with wild-type virus
^bPotential low-level resistance: sequence may contain mutations indicating previous ARV exposure or many contain mutations that are associated with drug resistance only when they occur with additional mutations
^cLow-level resistance: Virus encoded by specific sequence may have reduced in vitro ARV susceptibility, or patients harboring viruses with the submitted mutations may have a suboptimal virological response to treatment
^dIntermediate resistance: High likelihood that drug’s activity will be reduced, but the drug will likely retain significant antiviral activity
^eHigh-level resistance: predicted level of resistance is like those observed in viruses with the highest levels of in vitro drug resistance, or clinical data exist demonstrating patients typically have little or no virologic response to treatment with the ARV [71]

ISSN: 1742-4690