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Table 2 Non-parametric Friedman test on HERV and cytokines expression in PBMCs exposed in vitro to VPA

From: Modulation of human endogenous retroviruses and cytokines expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from autistic children and their parents

  

HERV-H

HERV-K

HEMO

HERV-W

pHERV-W

IL-1β

IL-6

IL-8

IL-10

TNF-α

INF-γ

Children

ST vs VPA 1 μM

-

0.001

0.016

0.031

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.011

CI

ST vs VPA 2.5 μM

-

< 0.001

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.024

 

VPA 1 μM vs VPA 2.5 μM

-

-

0.020

0.011

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Children

ST vs VPA 1 μM

0.036

-

0.031

0.010

0.008

0.029

-

-

-

-

-

ASD

ST vs VPA 2.5 μM

0.027

-

0.036

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.040

-

0.001

-

<0.001

-

 

VPA 1 μM vs VPA 2.5 μM

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.024

-

Mothers

ST vs VPA 1 μM

0.018

0.001

0.002

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

CI

ST vs VPA 2.5 μM

-

< 0.001

< 0.001

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

VPA 1 μM vs VPA 2.5 μM

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mothers

ST vs VPA 1 μM

< 0.001

< 0.001

-

-

-

-

-

-

< 0.001

-

-

ASD

ST vs VPA 2.5 μM

< 0.001

< 0.001

-

-

< 0.001

<0.001

0.001

-

< 0.001

0.001

-

 

VPA 1μM vs VPA 2.5 μM

-

-

-

-

< 0.001

0.018

-

-

-

-

-

Fathers

ST vs VPA 1 μM

-

-

-

0.004

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

CI

ST vs VPA 2.5 μM

0.028

0.021

< 0.001

0.002

-

-

0.027

-

-

-

-

 

VPA 1mM vs VPA 2.5 μM

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Fathers

ST vs  VPA 1 μM

-

< 0.001

-

< 0.001

-

-

-

0.039

-

-

-

ASD

ST vs  VPA 2.5 μM

-

< 0.001

-

0.041

-

-

-

0.040

-

-

-

 

VPA 1 μM vs VPA2.5 μM

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

  1. HERVs human endogenous retroviruses, PBMCs peripheral blood mononuclear cells, IL- Interleukin, TNF tumor necrosis factor, INF, interferon, CI control individuals, ASD, autism spectrum disorder, T0 basaline, NS not stimulated, ST stimulated, VPA Valproic acid, EFV, efavirenz
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