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Table 2 Summary of anti-BLV antibody detection in human serum by ELISA

From: No evidence of bovine leukemia virus proviral DNA and antibodies in human specimens from Japan

2nd Antibody

Human sera specimens

Control experiment

Bovine sera

Human sera

BLV gp51a ELISA (N = 97)

BLV p24a ELISA (N = 97)

BLV gp51 ELISAb

BLV p24 ELISAb

HTLV-I/II ELISAc

BLV (+) (N = 2)

BLV (−) (N = 1)

BLV (+) (N = 2)

BLV (−) (N = 1)

HTLV (+)

HTLV (−)

Goat anti-human IgG (HRP)

0/97

0/97

0/2

0/1

0/2

0/1

2/2

0/2

Goat anti-human IgM (HRP)

0/97

0/97

0/2

0/1

0/2

0/1

2/2

0/2

Rabbit anti-bovine IgG (HRP)

NT

NT

2/2

0/1

2/2

0/1

0/2

0/2

  1. aBLV gp51 and p24 ELISAs in BLV gp51 and p24 antigens coated plates was performed using 50-fold-diluted human serum specimens as primary antibody following either HRP-conjugated goat anti-human IgG or HRP-conjugated goat anti-human IgM as secondary antibody. NT indicates not tested
  2. bBLV gp51 and p24 ELISAs was performed using two BLV-infected cattle and one cattle with no BLV infection, as positive and negative controls, respectively, followed by HRP-conjugated anti-bovine IgG, as second antibody to check the validity of the experiment procedure
  3. cHTLV I/II antibody ELISA was performed using human HTLV I/II positive antibody and negative antibody, followed by HRP-conjugated goat anti-human IgG and IgM in replacement with the second antibody in the kit to validate whether anti-human second antibodies HRP-conjugated goat anti-human IgG and IgM used in our study are actively working or not