Fig. 4

Effector memory cells were preferentially infected and expressed more CCR5 compared to other subsets. a Stacked bar graphs represent the contribution of each CD4⁺ T cell subset to the total CD4⁺ T cell pool before infection, stratified by HIV-seronegative donor. Subsets are denoted as follows: naïve; dark blue, T stem cell memory (TSCM); red, central memory (CM); yellow, transitional memory (TM); light blue, effector memory (EM); purple and terminally differentiated (TD); green. b The percentage of infected cells per CD4⁺ T cell subset 72 h after inoculation with GFP reporter viruses. Each data point represents one virus, where the percentage of cells expressing GFP is averaged across four HIV-seronegative donors. Black lines represent the median of each virus, while the error bars represent interquartile range. Comparisons were made using a Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s post hoc test for multiple comparisons and are shown in the table. c CCR5 expression on the indicated T cell subsets after CD4 T cell isolation and before infection. Each data point represents percentage of cells expressing CCR5 from a single HIV-seronegative donor with black lines representing median. d Spearman correlation between percentage of each T cell subset expressing CCR5 before infection and the percentage of cells infected within each T cell subset. Each data point represents a single donor, with the percentage of cells infected averaged from n = 39 pseudovirus infections. Circles, squares, triangles and upside-down triangles represent donors 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively, while symbol colour represents T cell subset (naïve; dark blue, TSCM; red, CM; yellow, TM; light blue, EM; purple and TD; green)