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Fig. 3 | Retrovirology

Fig. 3

From: Potent suppression of HIV-1 cell attachment by Kudzu root extract

Fig. 3

Activity of Kudzu on diverse viruses. a Activity of Kudzu in acute infection of TZM-bl with HIV-2 CBL-20 strain. TZM-bl cells were infected with HIV-2 in presence of different concentrations of Kudzu for 24 h. Luminescence normalized to total protein was measured 48 h later. AMD3100 and Raltegravir used at 10 nM and 100 nM respectively. Data is the mean ± SD of 3 independent experiments. b Activity of Kudzu on SIV-infected primary rhesus macaque cells 6 days post-infection. Virus in the supernatant measured by capsid p27 ELISA. A cocktail of antiretrovirals (ARVs, Emtracitabine, Raltegravir and Tenofovir, 200 nM) was used as control. c No effect of Kudzu on HCV infection in Huh 7.5 cells. 2′-Cmethyladenosine (2′-C-methyl., 10 μM) was used as a control. Results represent the mean ± SD of 2 independent experiments. d–f Hela-CD4-LTR-LacZ were infected with the indicated viruses in the presence of the indicated compounds. The cells were stained 24 h later using virus-specific antibodies to assess the levels of infection and analyzed by flow cytometry. d Kudzu has no activity on ADV5 virus infection of HeLa-CD4-LTR-LacZ cells. Heat inactivated virus (H.I) and Raltegravir (Ralt., 100 nM) were used as controls. Results represent the mean ± SD of 3 independent experiments. e No activity of Kudzu on ZIKA Brazil virus infection of HeLa-CD4-LTR-LacZ cells. Cabozantinib (Caboz., 1 μM) and Raltegravir (Ralt., 100 nM) were used as controls. Results represent the mean ± SD of 3 independent experiments. f No impact of Kudzu on H1N1 virus infection of HeLa-CD4-LTR-LacZ cells. Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL, 100 nM) and Raltegravir (Ralt., 100 nM) were used as controls. Results represent the mean ± SD of 3 independent experiments. Kudzu was used at the dilution 1:200 in c–f. The two-tailed paired t test was used for statistical analysis. **: p value < 0.005, ***: p value < 0.0005

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