Table 2 Overview of patient cohort studies investigating host and immune factors linked with bnAb development
Reference | Number of subjectsa | Investigated host and immune factors | Association with breadth |
|---|---|---|---|
Boliar et al. [90] | 41 | Total plasma IgG | Positive |
B cell expression of: | Â | ||
PD-1 | None | ||
BTLA | None | ||
Ki67 | None | ||
CD95 | None | ||
Cohen et al. [78] | 15 | CXCR5 + CD4 + T cells | Positive |
CXCR5 + PD-1 + CD4 + T cells | Positive | ||
CXCR5 + PD-1 + ICOS + CD4 + T cells | Positive | ||
Plasma CXCL13 | Positive | ||
Plasma IL21 | None | ||
Plasma BAFF | None | ||
Other cytokines and chemokines | None | ||
CD3−CD19+ CD27− naïve B cells | None | ||
CD3− CD19+ CD27+ memory B cells | None | ||
Env-specific CD3− CD19+ CD27+ gp120+ memory B cells | None | ||
CXCR5 expression on B cells | None | ||
Expression of activation-associated genes | Positive | ||
Expression of IFN-stimulated genes IFI27 and ISG15 | Positive | ||
Expression of CXCL13 and RGS13 | Positive | ||
Doria-Rose et al. [51] | 148 | Total CD19+B cells | None |
CD19+IgG+ B cells | None | ||
CD19+Â CD27+ memory B cells | None | ||
CD19+ CD20− CD27+++ CD38+++ plasmablasts | None | ||
Env-specific CD19+ gp140+ B cells | None | ||
Doria-Rose et al. [11] | 103 | Ethnicity | None |
Gender | None | ||
Age | None | ||
HLA genotype | None | ||
Dugast et al. [53] | 163 | Plasma CXCL13 | Positive |
Plasma sCD40L | Positive | ||
Plasma RANTES | Positive | ||
Plasma TNF-α | Positive | ||
Plasma IP-10 | Positive | ||
Other cytokines and chemokines | None | ||
Havenar-Daughton et al. [81] | 228 | Plasma CXCL13 | Positive |
Kadelka et al. [54] | 4281 | IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 binding to trimeric Env | Positive |
IgG1 binding to Env-gp120 | Positive | ||
IgG2 binding to Env-gp120 | Positive | ||
IgG3 binding to MPER | Positive | ||
IgG3 binding to p17 and p24 | Positive | ||
Landais et al. [14] | 439 | Gender | None |
Age | None | ||
Geographical origin | None | ||
Total plasma IgG | Positive | ||
Env-specific IgG binding titer | Positive | ||
Env-specific IgG binding avidity | None | ||
HLA genotype | Positive (HLA-A*03) | ||
KIR genotype | None | ||
Locci et al. [79] | 328 | CXCR5+CD4+ T cells | None |
ICOS+PD-1+++ CXCR5+ CD4+ T cells | None | ||
PD-1 + CXCR3 − CXCR5 + CD4 + memory Tfh cells | Positive | ||
CXCR3− CXCR5+CD4+ T cells | None | ||
PD-1+CXCR3+ memory Tfh cells | None | ||
Mabuka et al. [83] | 22 | Plasma CXCL13 | Positive |
Plasma BAFF | None | ||
CD19+CD21−CD27+ activated memory B cells | None | ||
CD19+CD21−CD27− tissue-like memory B cells | None | ||
CD19+CD21+CD27+ resting memory B cells | None | ||
CD19+CD27+CD38+++Â plasmablasts | None | ||
Mikkell et al. [32] | 38 | CD4+ and CD8 + T cell expression of: |  |
Ki67 | None | ||
CD57 | None | ||
CD38 | Positive (CD4+ T cells) | ||
PD-1 | Positive (CD4+ T cells) | ||
HLADR | None | ||
Moody et al. [75] | 239 | HLA genotype | None |
Plasma autoantibodies | Positive | ||
PD1 + CXCR3 − CXCR5 + CD4 + resting memory Tfh cells | Positive | ||
CD25 + Foxp3 + CD4 + Treg cells | Negative | ||
CD25+Foxp3+CXCR5+CD4+ follicular Treg cells | None | ||
PD-1 expression on CD25 + Foxp3 + CD4 + Treg cells | Positive | ||
PD-1 expression on CD25 + Foxp3 + CXCR5 + CD4 + follicular Treg cells | Positive | ||
HLA-DR expression on CD4 + Treg cells | Positive | ||
CTLA-4 expression on CD4 + Treg cells | Positive | ||
LAG-3 expression on CD4 + Treg cells | Positive | ||
Genome-wide mutations | None | ||
Ranasinghe et al. [77] | 67 | Gag-specific CD4 + responses | Positive |
Gp41- specific CD4 + responses | Positive | ||
Gp120-specific CD4+ responses | None | ||
Richardson et al. [82] | 23 | ADCC | None |
ADCP | None | ||
ADCD | Positive | ||
ADCT | Positive | ||
Fc polyfunctionality | Positive | ||
FcR binding | Positive | ||
C1q binding | Positive | ||
IgG subclass diversity | Positive | ||
IgG2 binding to trimeric Env, gp120, V3 | Positive | ||
IgG2 binding to p24 | Positive | ||
IgG4 binding to trimeric Env, gp41, V2 | Positive | ||
Plasma CXCL13 | Positive | ||
AID expression in B cells | Positive | ||
Rusert et al. [12] | 4484 | Ethnicity | Positive (blacks compared to whites) |
Gender | Weakly positive (modestly higher breadth in men) | ||
Sather et al. [49] | 39 | Env-specific IgG binding titer | None |
Env-specific IgG binding avidity | Positive | ||
CD8+ T cell levels | None |