Fig. 9
From: Increasing the CpG dinucleotide abundance in the HIV-1 genomic RNA inhibits viral replication
Introduction of CpG dinucleotides into gag inhibits infectious virus production in HeLa cells. HeLa cells were transfected with pHIV-1NL4-3, pHIV-1 CpG22-165, pHIV-1 CpG22-261 or pHIV-1 CpG22-378. a Culture supernatants were used to infect TZM-bl reporter cells to measure viral infectivity. The bar charts show the average values of four independent experiments normalized to the value obtained for HIV-1NL4-3. b Gag expression in the media and cell lysate was determined by quantitative immunoblotting. The bar charts show the average of three independent experiments normalized to HIV-1NL4-3. Error bars represent standard deviation. RNA was extracted from cell lysates and media (c, d) and gRNA abundance was quantified by qRT-PCR. b–d The bar charts show the average of three independent experiments normalized to HIV-1NL4-3. Error bars represent standard deviation