Fig. 3
Absence of residual infectious HIV-1 in SAV001 vaccine after inactivation: Detection of HIV-1 proviral DNA in infected cells by PCR and sequence analysis of viruses isolated from HIV-1 positive volunteer study subjects by 454 pyrosequencing. Lanes 1 Passage 3 of SAV001 vaccine virus infected cell DNA; Lanes 2 Passage 5 of SAV001 vaccine virus infected cell DNA: Lanes 3 Passage 10 of SAV001 vaccine virus infected cell DNA; Lanes 4 Passage 3 of HIV-1 NL4-3 wild type virus infected cell DNA; Lanes 5 Passage 3 gmHIV-1NL4-3 mutant virus infected cell DNA (a). Multisequence alignments of reads were constructed using MUSCLE (PMID: 15034147), and all phylogenetic analysis was performed with MEGA5 (PMID: 21546353). The sequence reads were used to generate phylogenetic trees for further analysis through alignment with the reference viral sequences including NL4-3, 1 or 2 strains from HIV-1 subtype A, B, C, D, and F (b, c). All numbers represent subject ID in S (SAV001 group); SA (SAV001 + Adjuvant group), P (Placebo group), and PA (Placebo + Adjuvant group). PA1001014 and S3001024 in b were randomly selected to show the detail data