Fig. 2

Immunological features of a patient with HAM/TSP (NIH00261). a T cell subsets in HAM/TSP patients and NDs. i Representative dot plot of CD27 and CD45RA expression on peripheral blood CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells of patient NIH00261. ii Frequencies of effector T cell phenotypes in peripheral blood of NDs (n = 22) and HAM/TSP patients (n = 22). Circles (opened and closed) and squares (opened and closed) represent CD4⁺ T cells and CD8⁺ T cells, respectively. Patient NIH00261 results are presented as red circles and squares. b CD4/CD8 T cell ratio in peripheral bloods (circles) and CSF (squares) of NDs (opened; n = 22 in blood and n = 7 in CSF) and HAM/TSP patients (closed; n = 22 in blood and n = 21 in CSF). Patient results are shown as red circles and squares. c Spontaneous lymphoproliferation of patient NIH00261 PBMCs. The PBMCs of a ND (opened circles) and patient NIH00261 (closed circles) were cultured and pulsed with [³H] thymidine at 3–5 days. The average cpm from each well in triplicate was plotted