Fig. 1

HIV-1 p2 peptide enhanced HIV-1 infection and enhanced HIV-1 reverse transcription. a The effect of the p2 peptide on HIV_JRFL infection was investigated by MAGIC-5 assay. No significant cytotoxicity of the Tat-p2 peptide- or Tat-scrambled peptide-containing medium was observed. The significance of difference (Student’s t test) is indicated as follows: **p < 0.01 vs control. The mean values of at least three independent experiments are shown. b, c Effect of p2 peptide on reverse transcription in MAGIC-5 cells. Tat-p2-peptide-treated (b) or EGFP-p2x1-peptide-transduced (c) MAGIC-5 cells were infected with HIV_JRFL (b, 100 ng of HIV p24) or VSV-G-pseudotyped HIV_{NL-CHΔenv WT} (c, 10 ng of HIV p24). The levels of late viral cDNA products (Late), 2-LTR products (2-LTR) or Alu-PCR products (Alu) were determined by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. The significance of difference (Student’s t test) is indicated as follows: **p < 0.01. The mean values of at least three independent experiments are shown. The error bars denote the standard deviation. d Effect of p2 peptide on enzymatic activity of HIV-1 RT. In vitro RT activity assay was performed at a ratio of 1:40 of RT to each peptide (Tat-p2 peptide, Tat-peptide, or p2 peptide). The value in the control experiment (RT only) was set as 100 %. The mean values of at least three independent experiments are shown