Fig. 6

Host signaling pathways and regulatory cellular factors involved in reactivation of HIV-1 transcription in J-Lat cells. a Eight different clones of J-Lat cells were treated with different reactivating agents or DMSO for 18 h and the percentage of GFP positive cells was estimated by flow cytometry. Error bars represent standard deviation (N = 3). Cell lines b J-Lat FL10.6, c J-Lat TGA1, and d J-Lat TGA2 cells were pretreated with specific inhibitors IΚK2 inhibitor V (50 µM), FK506 (10 µM), Cyclosporin A (10 µM), SP600125 (50 µM), SB203580 (50 µM), U0126 (50 µM), AZD6244 (10 µM), WP1066 (5 µM), Rottlerin (50 µM), or vehicle control (DMSO), and 4 h later activated with SAHA (1 µM, white bars), prostratin (1 µM, grey bars) or TNF-α (0.1 ng/ml, bars with diagonal line upwards) or PHA-M (5 mg/ml, bars with spheres). HIV-1 reactivation was estimated at 12 h following reactivation, by evaluating for GFP positive cells by flow cytometry. For comparison of results across samples from multiple experiments, HIV-1 reactivation observed in vehicle control (DMSO) pretreatment was considered as 100 % and the background (no reactivating agent) as 0 %. Error bars represent standard deviation (N = 3), *p < 0.05