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Figure 5 | Retrovirology

Figure 5

From: Elevated expression of LAG-3, but not PD-1, is associated with impaired iNKT cytokine production during chronic HIV-1 infection and treatment

Figure 5

Functional iNKT cytokine responses to αGalCer stimulation among healthy HIV-N (n = 15), HIV+ (n = 7) and HIV+ ART women (n = 11). PBMC were stimulated for 10 hours with 100 ng/mL αGalCer, and iNKT production of (A) IFNγ and (B) TNFα were compared between study groups. (C) Analysis of mono- and dual-functional iNKT αGalCer responses between study groups. Correlation between iNKT LAG-3 expression and (D) IFNγ or (E) TNFα expression. Comparison of (F) IFNγ and (G) TNFα production by CD4+ and CD4- iNKTs among HIV-N and HIV+/HIV+ ART participants. (H) Correlation between LAG-3 and IFNγ expression among CD4+ and CD4- iNKT subsets. Statistical comparisons made by Kruskal-Wallis (with Dunn’s post-test), Wilcoxon test, and Spearman correlation. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.

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