Figure 6
From: HIV-1 replicates in human osteoclasts and enhances their differentiation in vitro
Effect of HIV-1 infection on bone resorption activity of osteoclasts. (A) CD14+ monocytes isolated from the PBMCs from healthy donors were cultured for 6 days with M-CSF plus RANKL, or M-CSF alone on calcium phosphate-coated wells. Then, the cells were infected with JR-FL (2.5 × 105 IFU/ml) or NL4-3 (2.5 × 105 IFU/ml) in the absence or presence of 4 μg/ml TFV. Five days after infection, formed pits (white area) were observed by microscopy. Scale bar, 300 μm. (B) The induced osteoclasts (for 6 days culture with RANKL plus M-CSF) were infected with JR-FL or with NL4-3 at the indicated doses. Five days after infection, the pit areas were measured. (C) The induced osteoclasts (for 6 day culture with RANKL plus M-CSF) were infected with JR-FL (2.5 x 105 IFU/ml) or with NL4-3 (2.5 × 105 IFU/ml) in the presence of TFV at the indicated concentrations. Five days after infection, the pit areas were measured. (*p < 0.05 by t test).