Figure 3

Infected and uninfected primary CD4 ⁺T cells are resistant to Fas-induced apoptosis. CD4⁺ T cells purified from nine HTLV-1-infected individuals (4 AC, 4 HAM, 1 uveitis) and six uninfected individuals were cultured overnight to allow Tax and Fas expression. Jurkat T cells were included in parallel as a positive control. Anti-Apo-1 and Protein A were added at the indicated concentrations, and cultures were continued for a further 5 hours. Apoptotic and necrotic cells were detected by a combination of Annexin V staining and Live/dead^TM viability dye. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon matched pairs test, two-tailed. Bars denote mean ± SEM. See Additional file 6 for donor characteristics.