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Figure 5 | Retrovirology

Figure 5

From: Partial rescue of V1V2 mutant infectivity by HIV-1 cell-cell transmission supports the domain’s exceptional capacity for sequence variation

Figure 5

V1V2 neutralization shielding during cell-cell transmission. (A) to (C): Neutralization activity of mAbs and patient plasma was evaluated in i) free virus infection by infection of env-pvNLLuc viruses on TZM-bl cells; ii) during cell-cell fusion by co-culture of 293-T cells expressing env-pvNLGFP and TZM-bl target cells; and iii) during cell-cell transmission by co-culture of 293-T cells expressing env-pvinGLuc and A3.01-CCR5 target cells. (A) Neutralization sensitivity of isolate ZA110 wt (black squares) and ZA110 ΔV1V2 (red circles) to monoclonal antibodies b6, 17b and 1.79 and to autologous patient plasma was probed during free virus infection (top row) and cell-cell transmission (bottom row). Data points depict % neutralization compared to virus infection in absence of inhibitors. Mean and SD from 2 independent experiments performed in duplicate are shown. (B) Inhibition of JR-FL wt (black squares) and JR-FL ΔV1V2 (red circles) in free virus infection (open symbols) and cell-cell fusion (filled symbols) by mAbs and the fusion inhibitor T-20. Fifty percent inhibitory concentrations (IC50) in μg/ml calculated from pooled inhibition data derived from 2 to 3 independent experiments performed in duplicate are shown. (C) Neutralization activity of plasma from 19 individuals with chronic HIV-1 infection (subtypes A, B, C, AE, AG) against wt and ΔV1V2 mutant viruses of JR-FL, SF162 and NL4-3 was probed in free virus infection (left panel), cell-cell transmission (middle panel) and cell-cell fusion (right panel). The 50% neutralization titer (NT50, i.e. the reciprocal plasma dilution yielding 50% neutralization) is depicted. Neutralization titers were derived from 1 to 2 independent experiments, performed in duplicates.

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