Figure 6From: From promoting to inhibiting: diverse roles of helicases in HIV-1 ReplicationRoles of Upf1 and ZAP in HIV-1 RNA degradation. Multiple copies of Upf1 first bind to the long 3′UTR and then recruit Upf2, Upf3 and SMG1 to assemble the NMD machinery. The exosomes are then recruited to degrade RNA. ZAP, together with DDX17 and DHX30, recognizes multiply spliced HIV-1 RNA and sends the RNA to exosomes for degradation.Back to article page