Differences in the mannose oligomer specificities of the closely related lectins from Galanthus nivalis and Zea maysstrongly determine their eventual anti-HIV activity

Table 4 Amino acid mutations that appeared in the envelope of HIV-1(III_B) strains under sustained GNA_maiz_e or GNA pressure

putative glycosylation motifs in HIV-1(III_B) gp160	type of N-glycan	GNA_maize_1#8	GNA_maize_1#19	GNA_maize_2#14	GNA_maize_3#16	GNA_maize_3#19	GNA_maize_3#27	GNA^c
					S29[N,S] ^b
							A48T
				K59[K,E]
							A70T
88NVT90	complex							T90[T/I]
			V101[I,V]			V101[I,V]
		H105[N,H]
136NDT138	complex
141NSS143	complex
156NCS158	complex
160NIS162	complex
							F175L
186NDT188	complex
197NTS199	complex
230NKT232	high mannose							T232M
234NGT236	high mannose							N234K
241NVS243	high mannose
262NGS264	high mannose
							E268K
276NFT278	complex
289NQS291	high mannose							N289[N,D]
								S291[S,F]
295NCT297	high mannose
301NNT303	complex	[N,Y]301Y	[N,Y]301Y	[N,Y]301Y		[N,Y]301Y	[N,Y]301Y	[N,Y]301Y
					A329[T,A]
332NIS334	high mannose
339NNT341	high mannose							T341I
356NKT358	complex
					G379[E,G]
386NST388	high mannose
392NST394	high mannose							T394I
397NST399	complex
401NNT403	complex
							G404R
				G410[E,G]
			A433[T,A]			A433[T,A]
					A436[T,A]
448NIT450	high mannose
		G458[S,G]
463NGS465	complex
				G471[E,G]
606NAS608	N.D.^a
611NKS613	N.D.
620NMT622	N.D.
632NYT634	N.D.
669NIT671	N.D.
745NGS747	N.D.
811NAT813	N.D.			T813[T,I]

^aNo assignment of the nature of the glycans was found back in the literature.
^bThis amino acid change results in the creation of a new putative N-glycosylation site (italics).
Assignment of high mannose- or complex type glycans according to Leonard et al. [28]. Amino acid sequence numbering according to Kwong et al. [47].
Mutated amino acids in bold result in the deletion of a glycosylation motif.
^c Data taken from Balzarini et al. [35].
^d This glycosylation motif is present in HIV-1(NL4.3), but not in HIV-1(III_B).

ISSN: 1742-4690