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Figure 3 | Retrovirology

Figure 3

From: Tetraspanins regulate cell-to-cell transmission of HIV-1

Figure 3

Overexpression of CD63 and CD9 inhibits cell-to-cell transmission of HIV-1. (A) A scheme for the cell-to-cell transmission assay. (B) Representative flow cytometry data from the cell-to-cell transmission assay. HeLa cells were transfected or not with pNL4-3, then co-cultured with CEM-GFP target cells. Alternatively, cell-free supernatant was collected from producer cells and used to infect CEM-GFP cells (free virus). (C) HeLa cells were transfected with HIV-i-GFP (pNL4-3 with MA-GFP, green), co-cultured with CMAC-labeled CEM cells (blue), and visualized by fluorescence microscopy. (D) pNL4-3-transfected HeLa cells were co-cultured with CEM-GFP targets cells in the presence of the indicated amount of Latrunculin B for 24 hrs. Target cells were removed, washed, cultured for another 24 hrs, and then analyzed by flow cytometry. (E) HeLa cells were co-transfected with pNL4-3 and the indicated tetraspanins. The cell-to-cell transmission assay was carried out as described in Methods. Data shown represent the mean of 7 independent experiments (normalized to vector control) +/- SEM. * denotes a statistically significant difference from vector control (p < 0.01).

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