Table 3 Human genes modulating HIV pathogenesis by influencing post-entry steps of the viral life cycle
From: Host factors influencing susceptibility to HIV infection and AIDS progression
Gene | Allele or factor | Mode | Effect | Mechanism of action | Frequency(1) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CypA (PP1A) | 1650 G | Recessive | Delay AIDS | Unknown | Unknown | 12 |
TRIM5α | Haplotype 9 |  | Increase HIV transmission | Unknown | Caucasians (1%) | 182 |
TRIM5α | 136Q | Dominant | Protect against HIV infection | 136Q variant displays stronger anti-HIV activity | African Americans (20%) | 183 |
TRIM5α | 43Y | Dominant | Protect against HIV infection | Unknown | African Americans (6.5%) | 183 |
APOBEC3G | 186R | Recessive | Accelerate AIDS | Unknown | African Americans (36.7%) | 206 |
APOBEC3G | C40693T | Unknown | Increase HIV transmission | Unknown (variant found in intronic region) | Caucasians (< 1%) | 208 |
Cullin5 | SNP6 A/G | Dominant (additive) | Accelerated CD4 T cell depletion and AIDS progression | Unknown (the SNP6 G product displays stronger binding to nuclear proteins | Africans (5%)(2) | 210 |
TSG101 | -183C | Dominant | Accelerated CD4 T cell decline | Increase virus budding? (paradoxically the -183C variant reduces replication in ex-vivo systems) | Caucasians (17%) | 12, 229 |