Figure 2

R5 tropic HIV-1 restriction in CD4 T cells from four EUs. A. Relative infection by the HIV-BaL pseudotype (white bars; n = 3, mean ± SD) of CD4 T cells from the EUs B184, W336, B195 and W278, and percentage of cells with detectable surface expression of the CCR5 co-receptor (black bars, one experiment shown, representative of two different experiments). B. CCR5-mediated actin polymerisation in CD4 T cells from W278 (◆) B195 (▼) (top left and right panels respectively) and four different CCR5-wt controls. Cells from a control donor (bottom right panel) were also treated with TAK-779 (2 μM) for 60 minutes before RANTES stimulation (open circles). Results show the kinetics of actin polymerization triggered by RANTES stimulation, as measured by the incorporation of the FITC-phalloidin probe. The percentage of actin polymerization is expressed as follows: [(MFI after ligand addition)/(MFI before ligand addition)] × 100. 100% corresponds to the baseline level of unstimulated cells. C. Relative infection of CD4 T cells from subjects W278 (white bars) and B195 (black bars) by R5 (HIV-BaL; HIV-JRFL; HIV-YU2), X4 (HIV-HxB2) and pantropic (HIV-VSVG) pseudotypes (n = 3, mean ± SD). The luciferase activity in cell lysates from one representative control was attributed a value of 100%.