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Figure 5 | Retrovirology

Figure 5

From: Microbial exposure alters HIV-1-induced mucosal CD4+ T cell death pathways Ex vivo

Figure 5

Commensal E. coli enhance apoptosis in productively infected LP CD4+ T cells. (A) Commensal E. coli increases the frequency of productively infected cells. The percentage of p24+ cells in the presence of a 5:1 E. coli: LPMC ratio was quantified using intracellular p24 expression. Significance was determined using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test. (B) LP CD4+ T cell survival was compared in the presence of absence of E. coli normalized to mock (100% survival). Significant differences in cell survival at 4 dpi or 6 dpi were determined using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test. (C) Cell-specificity of HIV-1 mediated depletion in the LPAC model. The percent survival relative to mock infection at 6 dpi was determined for CD3+CD8- T cells (white), CD3+CD8+ T cells (light grey), and CD3-CD19+ B cells (dark grey). The black bar depicts 100% survival for each cell type in the mock infected condition, also indicated by the dashed horizontal line. Significance was determined using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s multiple comparison tests to compare selected pairs of columns. (D) Th Subset survival was determined following stimulation with PMA/Ionomycin. Viable cell counts were obtained prior to PMA/Ionomycin and multipled by the percentage of CD3+CD8- T cells expressing cytokine. Survival was determined normalized to mock infection for all subsets. Box and whiskers indicate the median and range respectively. Significant differences in cell survival for each subset were determined using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test. (E) Spearman rank correlation analysis between the percentage of p24+ cells at 4 dpi and the level of LP CD4+ T cell depletion at 6 dpi. The best-fit line, Spearman r and the p value are indicated. *p = <0.05; ***p = 0.0005; ****p < 0.0001.

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