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Figure 4 | Retrovirology

Figure 4

From: Clade C HIV-1 isolates circulating in Southern Africa exhibit a greater frequency of dicysteine motif-containing Tat variants than those in Southeast Asia and cause increased neurovirulence

Figure 4

Effect of HIV-infected MDM supernatants on neuronal apoptosis. A. HIV-1 infected MDM and uninfected MDM supernatant were diluted with 100 μl of neurobasal medium and incubated with primary human neurons in Matek plates for 18 hours. HIV-1BADA and HIV-1C1084i treatments lead to a greater loss of neuronal viability when compared to HIV-1CIndieC1 and uninfected supernatant. B. Tunnel stained primary human neurons co-stained with anti-neurotubulin antibodies and DAPI (Prolong Gold antifader with DAPI, Invitrogen). The four panels show representative fields for neurons treated with HIV-1BADA, HIV-1C1084i, HIV-1CIndieC1 and media from uninfected macrophages from left to right respectively. The individual (or all) channels are indicated at left. * p < 0.05.

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