Figure 3
Differential monocyte recruitment by medium from macrophages infected with different HIV-1 isolates. A. Monocyte migration caused by medium from HIV-1 infected MDMs. At least two isolate are used for each clade. HIV-1B isolates are shown in blue, HIV-1C isolates in orange and HIV-1C1084i in green. Southern African HIV-1C1084i with a dicysteine motif in Tat induces significantly higher number of monocytes to migrate compared to HIV-1C IndieC1 and HIV − 1CMJ4. Tat genotypes of each isolate are indicated in all three panels. B. Determining the soluble factors in the infected MDM supernatant responsible for monocyte migration. Immuno-depletion of Tat and CCL2 resulted in significant (*) reduction of monocyte recruitment both by HIV-1ADA (Clade B with dicysteine motif in Tat) and HIV-11084i (Clade C with dicysteine motif in Tat) infected supernatants. Serial immuno-depletion of both CCL2 and Tat did not further reduce background migration. C. Fold increases, over uninfected macrophages, in the level of CCL2 secreted by macrophages infected with various HIV-1 isolates: HIV-1BADA, HIV-1C1084i and HIV-1CIndieC1. The levels of these chemokines in the media from uninfected control MDM cells were CCL2: 20.8ng/ml. HIV-1C1084i induced significantly higher levels of CCL2 induction compared to HIV-1CIndieC1 and Controls. * p < 0.05.