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Figure 2 | Retrovirology

Figure 2

From: Restriction by APOBEC3 proteins of endogenous retroviruses with an extracellular life cycle: ex vivo effects and in vivo"traces" on the murine IAPE and human HERV-K elements

Figure 2

APOBEC3 proteins induce specific G-to-A hypermutations. Two-entry tables showing nucleotide substitution preferences in the presence of the indicated APOBEC3 proteins for the IAPE-D and HERV-K integrated proviruses. n, total number of bases sequenced. The adjacent graphs represent the relative frequencies of observed G-to-A mutations as a function of the G neighboring nucleotides (+2 position for the expected mA3 footprint, +1 position for the other APOBEC3s); for the two-entry tables, p-values calculated by a Poisson regression in a log-linear model for the occurrence of the G-to-A versus C-to-T mutations yielded p < 0.03 in all cases (except for hA3DE (p = 0.18) due to the low number of mutations); for the adjacent graphs, p-values calculated by a chi square test were p < 0.01 in all cases (except again for hA3DE, p = 0.7); similar levels of significance (or even higher) were obtained using the Kruskal Wallis test.

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